George gerrard



(No Model.)

G. GERRARD. APPARATUS FOR BURNING HYDROGARBON OR OTHER OILS.

No. 510,170. Patented Dec. 5, 1893.

, "UNITEo STATES-PATENT OF ICE.

. APPARATUS. FOR BU srnorrrcarron forming. part a Letters PatentApplication filed December 22, 1890. Serial No. 875,542. lNo

sumo I-IYVDROCARBON on GEORGE eERRARnoFoLAscow, SCOTLAND, ASSIGNOR TOJohn 0. WILSON a 00., or SAME PLACE.

OT HER OILS.

m.51o,17o, dated December 5, 1893. model.) liatentedln England December7,21889, No. 19,780.

I To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE GERRAnD,-a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain, residing at Glasgow, in, the ounty of Lanark, Scotland, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for-Bu rnin gHydrocarbon or other Oils, (for jwhich I' have obtained Letters Patentin Great Britain, No. 19,730,

dated December 7, 1889,) of whichthe following is a full, clear, andexact descfiption, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings,forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for burn-' ing hydro-carbon and otheroils, and has for its object the improvement of the construction,durability and efliciency of such apparatus. Y

To these ends, it consists in combining a vertically arranged vaporizingcoil with an oil reservoir by means of a goose neck or siphon shapedpipe, so that the oil shall enter the coil in an opposite direction fromthat from which it proceeds from the-reservoir and be vaporized as itgradually descends in the coil; also in the combination with avaporizing coil whether arranged parallel to or at right angles with theoil 'reservoinof a burner et arranged to discharge centrally through theconvolutions of said coil and affixed to the extended end of the lowestconvolution, and

-a mixing and burning chamber of appropriate dimensions relatively tothe diameter and length of the vaporizing coil and surrounding the sameclosely, said mixing and burning chamber being open at one end andclosed at.

' its other end and provided at the latter with an annular series of airapertures, and a rotating sleeve having a similar annular series of airapertures adapted to register therewith; also in the combination withthe oil reservoir and the connecting tube, of a two-way port between,the same communicating with the air and with the oil respectively, andvalves to close either or both of said ports atwill.-

In the accompanying drawings illustrating my invention, inwhich likeletters of reference indicate like parts in the several views, Figure 1is an elevation of my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is'a detached viewpartly in elevation and partly in section, showing the goose neckconnecting tube, the mixing and burning chamber and the vaporizing coiland its burner jet. Fig. 3'is a top or plan view of the same on a largerscale. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the oil reservoir and the two-wayport between the same and the connecting tube; and, Fig. 5 is a similarvertical section of a modification thereof.

An oil tank or reservoir 0 of any convenient form, is provided forcontaining hydrocarbon or other oil, which is fed to the vaporizingdevice by means of a hand pump or in any other well known manner, or itmay be suppliedthereto by gravitation or otherwise. The vaporizingretort consistsof a coil of pipe A A (see Fig. 2) the first convolutionof which, secured-to the perpendicular connecting pipe B bent round 'atits upper ex I I I tremity, forms a goose neck or.siphon shapedconnection with theoil tank or reservoir C.

This arrangement of the parts is an essential feature of my invention,inordervthat the oil passing through the connecting pipe B .shall enterthe vaporizing coil from the reservoir 0 and be vaporized as itgradually descends through the coil; thus the oil is delivered to thevaporizing coil at its first or top convolution, which is the hottestportion thereof, the eifectbeing to cool the pipe at that point topreserve that portion from in-' jury through over-heating, thusobviating the rapid deterioration to which the vaporizing coils asheretofore constructed are subject, owing to the hydro-carbon or otheroil being .fed primarily into the lower convolution or coolest portionof the said coil and passing as vapor to the upper convolutions orhottest portions thereof. The said vaporizing coil is preferablyarranged vertically so as to be parallel or nearly so to the oilreservoir and the connecting tube. In additionto the advantagementioned, by this arrangement of the tube and coil in parallel verticalplanes 7 the tube B operates in ameasure, owing to its siphon form, todeliver the oil with a less ex- Betweentheconnecting tube B and the oilreservoir 0 is provided a two-way port shown v in section,.Fig, 4, whichmay be slightly modipenditure of pressure to the vaporizing coil.

pipe B extending downward into the oil in the reservoir 0. A screw plugL governs the port I and another screw plug J governs the port H. Byclosing the latter, connection be-' tween the vaporizing coil and theupper por- I tion'of'the-reservoir Cis cut off, while the screw plug Lgoverning the passage I opens a or closes connection between the oil inthe reservoir 0 and the connecting tube B so cur'ed to the top of thetwo-way port. casing G. Thus the air and oil, or either, at pleasure, isadmitted to the vaporizing coil-through the connecting tube B from thereservoir C. In

lieu of the two screw plugs shown'in Fig. 4, a two-way cock M may beprovided as seenin vertical section in Fig.5. But the latter is usefulonly where either air or oil, but not both at the same time, is intendedto be used.

By reference to Fig. 2, it will be observed that the lowest convolutionof the vaporizing coil A has an extended end which is provided with anoil burning device having a burner,

nozzle D arranged perpendicularly so as to discharge the flame throughthe center, or nearly so, of the convolutions of the vaporizing coil.The coil and its burner tube are closely surrounded byand form part of'amix 1 ing and burning chamber E which is of appropriate dimensionrelatively to the diameter and length of the vaporizing coil, and isopen i bet E to the outer air; and the volume of the current of airwithin said chamber can thus 'readidly be regulated. The flame proceedspractically from the top of the casing E which is thus its hottestportion. The saidair apertures in the casing E must be in the lowerportion thereof on a line with or beneath the burner tube D.

When starting the apparatus, a small quan tity of hydro-carbon or otheroil is poured into the casing E and lighted so as to cause the necessarypreliminary heating of the vaporizing coil, or waste saturated with oilmay be inserted therein and ignited forasimilar purpose.

When air' pressure is provided atthe in terior of the oil reservoir 0, aportion of the air may be used to create a forced draft in the mixingchamber E whenstartingthe apparatus, thereby greatly expeditingoraccelerati ng the preliminary heating of the vaporizing coil Arequired before the apparatus can be put into automatic operation. Forthis purpose the port H of the two-way port G may be opened to establishconnection between the upper portion of the reservoir 0 and theconnecting tube B. Air is thus forced to and through the nozzle orburner D, and ascendin g'through the casingE creates a draft which Icauses a violent combustion of the, oil or oily' waste ignited in thechamber E- for the p through the passage H and thence through theconnecting tube B and coil A so that the mixture of air and vapor may behad therein to a greater or less extent as may be desired.

I am aware that His not new to use a coil as a vaporizer for the burningof hydro-carbon and other oils, and I do not claim such, but it is newwith me to use a coil arranged parallel, or nearly so, to the reservoir,and connecting the two by a goose neck or siphon shaped pipe in orderthat the burner et shall be below and on a line with the c011, also toarrange said vaporizing coil at rlght angles or nearly so to thereservoir, with a connecting tube between them, in order in bothconstructions, that the oil shall enter the c011 at facility for thereasons mentioned.

The result of the construction and arrangement shown and described isthat the 011 is not vaporized until it enters and passes the firstconvolution of the coil, and the latter being detachably suspendedwithin and In- .its hottest part and .with greater ease and closedwithin a casing closed at one end except by adjustable openings and openat the other end, both forming together a murzng and burning chamber(the mixture of the air and vapor being produced at the base of the saidcombined parts) a powerful induced upward current is produced in suchmixing chamber, and the said mixture of air and va-g por will not burstinto flame until at or near the open end of said mixing and burn ngchamber, which is the point at which it is most "desired for bothheating andlighting pure Poses. y

' In all apparatus of .thischaracter heretofore made, in which thevaporizing coil was supplied with oilto form agas by a flame eniveloping said coil, the dangeris the. rising of the temperature of thecoil too high and so disintegrating the gas and causing deposits ofcarbon on the inside of the coil which quickly choked it up. The leadingfeature of my invention is to regulate the temperature and l-ioo preventthis deposit of ccarbon by construct: ing and arranging the oilandeasing as described and so combining them as set forth to form betweenthem the mixing andburn'in g chamber to which outside cold air is admtted by adj nstable apertures in the casing or outer walls of the mixingchamber and to the ex,-

ber. Thus not only is air'admitted'tosQP- port combustion, but at thesame time to contended end of the vaporizing coil'whieh $01k jstitutes'the inner wall of the mixing chamtrol combustion'th'at it mayreach sucl, 9.3%??

only that the temperature will not rise above Y the point to prepare and'efiiciently vaporize I the oil without depositing carbon in thevaporizing coil or retort.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination in a hydro-carbon burner, with an oil reservoir and avertical connecting tube, siphon-shaped at its upper end, of avaporizing coil retort arranged parallel, or nearly so, to saidconnecting tube, and provided on the extended end of its lowestconvolution with a burner nozzle so disposed as to discharge its jetupward through the center of the vaporizing coil, and an inclosing tubeor casing surrounding the burner and end of the coil, and formingtherebya mixing and burning chamber, with means to adjustably regulatethe admission of air thereto; substantially as described.

2. The combination in a hydro-carbon bu rner, with an oil reservoirand aconnecting tube leading therefrom, curved at its upper extremity, of avaporizing coil retort detachably secured to said connecting tube at oneof its ends,and provided at its other end with a burner nozzle arrangedto discharge a flame through the center of the coil, an inclosing casingsurrounding the burner and end of the coil, said parts forming togethera mixing and burning chamber; with adjustable apertures in the lowerpart of said casing operating to regulate the admission of air to saidmixing and burning chamber and regulate the temperature therein;substantially as described.

3, The combination in a hydro-carbon burner with an oil reservoir and aconnecting tube B leading therefrom, curved at its upper extremity, of avaporizing coil retort A detachably secured to said connecting tube atone of its ends, and provided at its other end with a burner nozzle Darranged to discharge its -flame through the center of the coil, and aninclosing casing or tube E surrounding the said burner and end of thecoil retort, said parts forming together both a mixing and burningchamber, with means to adjustably regulate the admission of air to saidchamber and control the temperature therein consisting of an annularseries of holes F in the end of said casing near the burner, and asleeve F surrounding said casing provided with holes registering withthose in the casing; substantially as described.

4. The combination,in a hydro-carbon burner, of an oil reservoir andconnecting tube leading therefrom to a vaporizing coil retort, and acasing surrounding said coil and forming therewith a mixing and burningchamber,

of a two-way port between the reservoir and the connecting tube composedof the casing G having separate passages H and I and pipe B, adapted tocommunicate with the oil and the air respectively in said reservoir, andvalve mechanism substantially as described operating to wholly or partlyclose either or both of said passages at pleasure; substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

5. In combinatiomforming a hydro-carbon burner, of a vaporizing coilretort detachably suspended within the casing, of a tube or casingclosed at its lower end and open at its top, and having an adj ustablyclosed bottom whereby the base of the casing may serve as a cup toreceive oil fora preliminary heating, said parts beingso arrangedrelativelythat the flame of the initial heating passes through themixing chamber; substantially as described.

6. In a hydro-carbon burner, the combination with a casing or tubeclosed at its lower end and open at its top, with a vaporizingcoilhaving a burner on its lowerconvolution, said coil being detachablysuspended within the casing and adjustable with relation to thereservoir connections, and said casing having adjustable air aperturesat its base, and forming, in connection with the end of the coil retort,a mixing and burning chamber into which the admission of air and thecontrol of the temperature therein may be regulated; substantially asdescribed.

GEORGE GERRARD.

Witnesses:

DAVID FERGUSON MAsoN,

JAMES BATHGATE.

